Computer Science

Computer Science System:

A computer system is mainly formed of two main parts: hardware and software.
Computer hardware is any physical device that can be found on your PC. Let's take some of them: the keyboard, the monitor, the mouse, the CPU, RAM, ROM, HDD, and the BUS system. The most hardware component is the motherboard that was made up to control the computer. However, software is the invisible part of the computer. In order to run a computer, Operating System will be loaded on the hard disk drive to give the user the ability to access all the abilities inside the PC.

Definition of CPU

The Central Processing Unit is the brain of the computer. It performs most of the processing inside the computer. The CPU is formed of two main parts:

1. Control Unit: it handles all the processor control signals. It directs all input and output flow on the monitor.
2. Arithmetic Logic Unit: handles arithmetic and logical operations.

Definition of RAM

RAM is the abbreviation of Random Access Unit. It's a type of data storage used in computers, especially to handle some programs. RAM is a volatile memory because once the computer was turned off all the data in it will be cleared.

You may find DDR3 RAM inside the modern PCs. DDR is an advanced version of SDRAM. It can transfer data twice as fast as a regular SDRAM chip because of the faster clock rate inside. So each version of DDR has a higher clock speed than the old one. DDR3 provides 6400 MB/s, DDR2 provides 3200 MB/s, and DDR RAM will provide 1600 MB/s of Bandwidth. 

It's very important to note that the motherboard must also be upgraded to handle the new versions of RAM. Recent AMD motherboards are also changing over to DDR3.

Definition of ROM

ROM is the abbreviation of Read Only Memory. It's a built-in memory containing data that can only be read. Data inside will be maintained even if the computer power is turned off. In addition, ROM is mostly used for firmware update. BIOS is a good example of ROM. What does it mean? BIOS means Basic Input/Output System. 

Definition of HDD

HDD is the abbreviation of Hard Disk Drive. It's the main memory of any PC, because all your folders and files will be physically stored on it. Modern PCs contain several terabytes of data. Now this is how it goes; each terabyte contain 1000 gigabytes of data. HDDs are not volatile because they don't need electrical power to maintain their data.

SSD is a solid state drive. Unlike HDD, SSD doesn't have any moving part, which help the user to access the data faster. But the main problem is that SSDs are more expensive than HDDs;  You can buy a 130$ SSD and a 70$ HDD for the same size. This price will differ with the capacity inside.

Definition of BUS System

A computer bus is used to transfer data between components of a computer system. The bus is also known as local bus, address bus. For example, the bus helps the CPU to give the order to the monitor to show the output from the keyboard. The bus system is mainly formed of wires where each wire contains a bit of information that can be addressed.